desipio Latin · revision 33293

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *sh₁p-i-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [deːˈsɪ.pi.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [deˈs̬iː.pi.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēsipiō''' (present infinitive dēsipere, perfect active dēsipuī); third (-iō variant) conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+ The grammarian Charisius prescribes ''dēsipere'', not ''dēsipīre''.^(TLL)

+ The perfect ''dēsipuī'' is found in Lactantius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dē-|sapiō|t2=to be wise]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|sapiō]] to [[itc-pro|*sap-i-]] and [[ine-pro|*sh₁p-i-|t=to notice]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[osc|sipus|t=knowing]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it with a genitive, ''desipiebam mentis'', “I was out of my mind”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to be out of one's mind, to lose one's reason,^(OLD 2012) and more generally to be silly or act foolishly:^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero speaks of saying that the greatest men are foolish, raving and mad.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lucretius uses it of lacking rational intelligence: men would be without reason, and wild beasts would have it.^(OLD 2012) Horace's ''dulce est dēsipere in locō'', “it is sweet to be foolish at the right time”, means to indulge in trifling.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Celsus uses it of a fever patient who is delirious.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Tertullian uses it once actively, to make insipid.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, ''desipiebam mentis''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius, of lacking reason.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of acting foolishly.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace, ''dulce est dēsipere in locō''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus, of delirium in fever.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To be out of one's mind, to lose one's reason;^(OLD 2012) to be [[m|en|delirious]], to [[m|en|rave]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To be [[m|en|silly]], act foolishly, fool around.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To lack rational intelligence.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Late Latin, transitive)'' To make [[m|en|insipid]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēsipientia]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sapiō]]

+ * [[dēsipiēns]]

+ * [[īnsipiēns]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}