excursio Latin · revision 33292

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *krs-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛkˈskʊr.si.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ekˈskur.si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''excursiō''' ''f'' (genitive excursiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|excurrō|-tiō|t1=to run out]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) [[m|la|excurrō]] is a compound of [[m|la|ex-]] and [[m|la|currō|t=to run]],^(Etymonline) which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*korse/o-|t=to run]] and [[ine-pro|*krs-e/o-|t=to run]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who in the ''De inventione'' speaks of men making a province unsafe with raids and robberies.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a sortie or sally, a raid;^(OLD 2012) the TLL notes that it is found in Cicero, Caesar, the ''Bellum'' writings, Nepos and above all Livy, and only once or twice in later authors.^(TLL) In rhetoric Cicero uses it of the orator's stepping forward, which should be moderate and rare,^(OLD 2012) and Quintilian of not overdoing gestures and steps.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also a journey or expedition, as when Pliny the Younger asks his correspondent whether frequent trips to look after his estate take him away.^(OLD 2012) Quintilian uses it of a digression in speech.^(OLD 2012) English [[m|en|excursion]] (1570s) first meant a deviation in argument and a military sally.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of raids and of an orator's stepping forward.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it most often, of sallies.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian, of a digression.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1570s – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|excursion]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|sortie]], [[m|en|sally]], raid.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(rhetoric)'' A stepping forward as a gesture.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A [[m|en|journey]], [[m|en|expedition]].^(OLD 2012)^(Etymonline)

+ # ''(rhetoric)'' A [[m|en|digression]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[excurrō]]

+ * [[excursus]]

+ * [[en|excursion]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}