commissum Latin · revision 33279

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *m(e)ith₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɔmˈmɪs.sũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [komˈmis.sum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''commissum''' ''n'' (genitive commissī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Used as a noun, it is the neuter participle [[der|la|committō|t=to entrust, commit]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) [[m|la|committō]] is a compound of [[m|la|com-]] and [[m|la|mittō|t=to send, let go]],^(de Vaan 2008) which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*meit-e/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*m(e)ith₂-|t=to exchange, remove]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) in whom someone says there is no cause for a quarrel “unless there is some offence”, ''nisi aut quid commissi''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is an undertaking or enterprise: Cicero asks whether any deed or undertaking of a man was too audacious, and Livy speaks of correcting a rash undertaking.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) More often it is an offence or crime: Horace has a shameful offence, and Virgil the threat “you will pay for your offences”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) It is also something entrusted, a trust, and especially a secret: Cicero speaks of disclosing secrets, and Horace of a man who cannot keep them quiet.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In law it is the forfeiture of goods to the treasury, or the confiscated goods themselves, as in Suetonius and the Digest.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) In medieval texts it is a diocese, a trust or custody, and the forfeiture of a fief or leasehold.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of an offence.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of an undertaking and of secrets.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace, of secrets and offences.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius, of confiscation.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Medieval Latin – A diocese; the forfeiture of a fief.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An undertaking, [[m|en|enterprise]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # An [[m|en|offence]], [[m|en|crime]], fault.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Something entrusted, a [[m|en|trust]]; a [[m|en|secret]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(law)'' Forfeiture, [[m|en|confiscation]]; confiscated property.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|diocese]]; the forfeiture of a [[m|en|fief]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[committō]]

+ * [[mittō]]

+ * [[admissum]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ For a trust left by will, ''fideī commissum'', see [[fideicommissum]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}