dolosus Latin · revision 33254

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=itc-pro *dolo-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [dɔˈɫoː.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [doˈlɔː.s̬us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dolōsus''' (feminine dolōsa, neuter dolōsum, adverb dolōsē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dolus|-ōsus|t1=trick, deceit]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|dolus]] to [[itc-pro|*dolo-|t=trick]];^(de Vaan 2008) Pokorny thought it borrowed from [[grc|δόλος|tr=dólos|t=bait, trick]], but in view of [[m|la|doleō|t=to feel pain]] and [[m|la|dolor|t=pain]] he does not rule out an inherited [[ine-pro|*dolh₁-o-|t=pain]].^(de Vaan 2008) Isidore explains the word as “insidious or malicious”, from deceiving.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) in whom someone plans to get hold of a crafty lute-girl, ''aliquam dolosam fidicinam''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means given to trickery, artful, sly or deceitful;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short find it rare and mostly poetic.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Plautus has a crafty fellow-slave, Horace a scheming woman, Ovid a deceitful race and Phaedrus the fox.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of conduct, Cicero speaks of a king driven from his kingdom by treacherous plans.^(OLD 2012) Of things it is treacherous: Horace has fires lying under deceptive ash.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin has it as false, deceitful.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of a crafty lute-girl.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of treacherous plans.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace, of deceptive ash.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 15 BC–c. 50 AD – Phaedrus, of the fox.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|crafty|alt=Crafty]], [[m|en|cunning]], sly, [[m|en|deceitful]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of things, [[m|en|treacherous]], deceptive.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dolōsitās]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dolus]]

+ * [[subdolus]]

+ * [[sēdulō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The adverb ''dolōsē'' “craftily” is in Plautus, Lucilius and Cicero.^(TLL)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}