vecors Latin · revision 33250

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 280/260–before 200 BC, Livius Andronicus|origins=ine-pro *ḱērd}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈweː.kɔrs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈvɛː.kors]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vēcors''' (genitive vēcordis, superlative vēcordissimus); third-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''vaecors''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|vē-|cor|t1=lacking|t2=heart, mind]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan traces [[m|la|cor]] to [[itc-pro|*kord]] and [[ine-pro|*ḱērd|t=heart]], genitive ⟨*ḱrd-o/es⟩, whose oblique stem the Latin forms continue.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sga|cride|t=heart]], [[hit|ker]], [[sa|हृद्|tr=hṛ́d-|t=heart]], [[grc|καρδία|tr=kardía|t=heart]] and [[lt|širdìs|t=heart]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cicero already connected it with the heart, reporting that some held the heart itself to be the mind, whence the words for “heartless” and “of one heart”;^(Lewis & Short 1879) Festus explains it as one of a disturbed and bad heart.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Livius Andronicus,^(de Vaan 2008) and its noun ''vēcordia'' from Terence.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means mentally deranged, frenzied or mad,^(OLD 2012) and also senseless or foolish.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is applied to conduct and speech: Catullus has ''furor vecors'' and a mad quarrel, Livy a voice heard in the assembly that was stupid and nearly insane, and Tacitus a speaker popular for his crazed eloquence.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short give [[excors]], [[dēlīrus]] and [[vēsānus]] as near-synonyms.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin has it as silly, foolish, mad.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 280/260–before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus has the word.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of the heart as the seat of reason.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus, of frenzy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy, of a crazed voice in the assembly.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus, of crazed eloquence.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Mentally deranged, [[m|en|frenzied]], [[m|en|mad]], [[m|en|demented]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Senseless, foolish.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Of conduct or speech, crazed, insane.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cor]]

+ * [[vēcordia]]

+ * [[socors]]

+ * [[excors]]

+ * [[concors]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}