exspuo Latin · revision 33236

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *sp(i)uH-ie/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɛks(ː)pu.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈɛks.spu.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exspuō''' (present infinitive exspuere, perfect active exspuī, supine exspūtum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Also ''expuō'',^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and ''espuō'' in manuscripts.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|spuō|t2=to spit]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|spuō]] to [[itc-pro|*spū̆-je/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*sp(i)uH-ie/o-|t=to spit]], an imitative formation;^(de Vaan 2008) cognate with [[grc|πτύω|tr=ptúō|t=to spit]] and [[lt|spiáuti|t=to spit]].^(de Vaan 2008) Donatus explains it as spitting out, that is, outside.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it first, in the ''Pseudolus'', of eyes spitting out a single tear.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to spit out or simply to spit: Varro has tasting a fish and spitting it out, Celsus spitting blood, Ovid an octopus spitting out the hook, and Quintilian coughing and spitting often.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Pliny the Elder tells of a tongue bitten off and spat into a tyrant's face, and of people who think it wrong to spit into the sea.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of things it is to eject or emit: Catullus asks what sea spewed someone out of its foaming waves, and Pliny has a star giving off fire, wood throwing out live coals and the sea casting refuse on the shore.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is to rid oneself of something: Terence has spitting misery out of the mind, Lucretius reason, and Seneca life.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Lewis & Short note that it is not in Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin has “spit”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of shedding a tear.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence, of spitting misery out of the mind.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro, of spitting out a fish.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder, of spitting and of things ejected.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|spit]] out; to spit.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|eject]], emit, throw out.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To rid oneself of, banish.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[exspuitiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aspuō]]

+ * [[conspuō]]

+ * [[dēspuō]]

+ * [[inspuō]]

+ * [[respuō]]

+ * [[spūtō]]

+ * [[spuō]]

+ * [[spūtum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}