cyathus Latin · revision 33210
20 Oct 2026, 07:57 by bogdan “Latin la10k batch la75zs/b08” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=grc κύαθος}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * Classical: [ˈky.a.tʰʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈt͡ʃiː.a.tus]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''cyathus''' ''m'' (genitive cyathī); second declension^(Wiktionary)
+ Also ''cyatus'', in Cato, Frontinus and inscriptions.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[bor|grc|κύαθος|tr=kúathos|t=ladle, cup]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Plautus has it first,^(Köbler 2010) with ''cyathum et cantharum'', “ladle and tankard”, in the ''Pseudolus''.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It is the small ladle used to take wine from the mixing bowl into the cups,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and so the office of the cup-bearer: Horace asks what boy will be set at the ladle.^(OLD 2012) As a measure it is a twelfth of a ''sextārius'', already in Plautus, and the number of ladlefuls of wine mixed with water: Plautus has a toast of seven ladles each.^(OLD 2012) Columella uses it as a dry measure of ten drachmas.^(OLD 2012) Varro, Suetonius and Juvenal have it too.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin has “cup, tumbler”.^(Stelten 1995)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of a ladle and of a measure of wine.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 65–8 BC – Horace, of the cup-bearer's ladle.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1st century AD – Columella, of a dry measure.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A [[m|en|ladle]] for wine; the office of [[m|en|cupbearer]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)
+ # A liquid measure, a twelfth of a [[sextārius]]; a ladleful of wine.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # A dry measure of ten drachmas.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A cup, [[m|en|tumbler]].^(Stelten 1995)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[cyathissō]]
+ * [[sesquicyathus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[crātēr]]
+ * [[pōculum]]
+ * [[cantharus]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}