glacialis Latin · revision 33206

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la glaciēs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɡɫa.kiˈaː.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ɡla.t͡ʃiˈaː.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''glaciālis''' (neuter glaciāle); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|glaciēs|-ālis|t1=ice]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan notes that [[m|la|glaciēs]] means the same as [[m|la|gelū|t=frost]] but cannot be derived in any meaningful way from a root meaning “to be cold”;^(de Vaan 2008) Etymonline thinks it probably comes from [[ine-pro|*gel-|t=cold; to freeze]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Virgil,^(Köbler 2010) who has an icy winter, ''glacialis hiems'', in the ''Aeneid''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is icy, frozen, or proper to ice, a poetic word also found in prose after Augustus.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Ovid has icy winter and cold, the icy pole and icy Scythia, Columella an icy region set against a very hot one, and Juvenal the icy Ocean.^(Lewis & Short 1879) English [[m|en|glacial]] came from it, directly or through French, in the 1650s; its sense “of glaciers” was coined in 1846.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of an icy winter.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid, of the icy pole and Scythia.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella, of an icy region.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 67–c. 127 AD – Juvenal, of the icy Ocean.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1650s – English [[m|en|glacial]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|icy|alt=Icy]], [[m|en|frozen]], full of ice; of or proper to ice.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[glaciēs]]

+ * [[gelū]]

+ * [[gelidus]]

+ * [[en|glacial]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}