rutilus Latin · revision 33186

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈrʊ.tɪ.ɫʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈruː.ti.lus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rutilus''' (feminine rutila, neuter rutilum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Written ''rutul-'' in a line of Virgil's ''Aeneid''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The OLD puts it with the root of [[m|la|ruber|t=red]], but de Vaan, who lists it among the relatives of that word, says there is no good explanation for it.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) Wiktionary reports two proposals: a derivative of [[ine-pro|*h₂rew-|t=to shine]], perhaps related to [[cel-pro|*ruteinos|t=shiny reddish]], or an older ⟨rutulus⟩ altered by dissimilation.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it first,^(Köbler 2010) of a head of hair that may be grey or red in the ''Mercator''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a warm or glowing red that leans toward gold or orange.^(OLD 2012) Varro says gold coins were called ''rutili'' and very red-haired women ''rutilae''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is used above all of hair, especially that of the Germanic peoples, of gold and similar metal, as Virgil's corslet of ''rutilum'' scales, and of fire and light, as the red light of the Dog Star in Cicero's ''Aratea''.^(OLD 2012) Plautus also has iron that turns red as it is scrubbed of rust.^(OLD 2012) ''Rutilus'' was also a Roman surname.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of red hair and of rusty iron.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro, of gold coins and red-haired women.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of the red light of a star.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of a corslet of gold-red scales.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of a warm, glowing red inclining to gold or orange, [[m|en|ruddy]], [[m|en|auburn]]; of hair, red, [[m|en|blond]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of gold and metal, golden-red.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of light and fire, glowing red.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[praerutilus]]

+ * [[rutilō]]

+ * [[subrutilus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ruber]]

+ * [[rūfus]]

+ * [[russus]]

+ * [[rubeō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}