percoquo Latin · revision 33180

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *pekʷ-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''percoquō''' (present infinitive percoquere, perfect active percoxī, supine percoctum); third conjugation^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|per-|coquō|t1=thoroughly|t2=to cook]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|coquō]] to [[itc-pro|*kʷekʷe/o-|t=to cook]] and [[ine-pro|*pekʷ-e/o-|t=to cook]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it first: in the ''Mercator'' someone wants to grab a cook to cook the lunch properly, and the ''Rudens'' has a proverbial phrase about cooking a catch on one's fingers.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The TLL records it once or twice each in Plautus, Cicero, Laberius, Ovid and Vitruvius, three or four times in Cato, Lucretius and Seneca, and more often in Columella and Pliny the Elder, who has beef and badly cooked lentils.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cato uses it of grapes that must be fully ripe when picked, and Ovid and Seneca of the sun ripening fruit.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero's ''Oeconomicus'' has earth baked by the sun, and Lucretius the races of men blackened by heat.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lucretius spells it ⟨perquoqu-⟩.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of cooking thoroughly.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato, of ripened grapes.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius, of skin blackened by the sun.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder, of cooking meat and lentils.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|cook]] thoroughly, boil soft; to cook carefully; to bake (pottery) thoroughly.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Of the sun, to scorch, bake, heat; to blacken.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To [[m|en|ripen]] fully.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[coquō]]

+ * [[excoquō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}