eiuro Latin · revision 33174

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂oi-u}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [eːˈjuː.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eˈjuː.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ēiūrō''' (present infinitive ēiūrāre, perfect active ēiūrāvī, supine ēiūrātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ The form ''ēierō'' is the classical one, and Plautus has ''exiūr-''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|iūrō|t2=to swear]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The TLL leaves open whether the variant ⟨ēierō⟩ is the same word or related to it by vowel alternation, as with [[m|la|dēierō]] and [[m|la|pēierō]].^(TLL) De Vaan derives [[m|la|iūrō]] from [[m|la|iūs#2|t=law; oath]], from [[itc-pro|*jowos|t=oath, law]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂oi-u|t=vital force, eternity]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it first: a fragment quoted by Paulus' Festus has swearing oneself unfit for military service, and the ''Amphitruo'' a form ⟨exiūr-⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis & Short call it a technical term of law, politics and commerce.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In law it is to reject a court or judge on oath as unfair, as in a saying of Scipio quoted by Cicero and in the ''Verrines'';^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''bonam cōpiam ēiūrāre'' is to swear that one is insolvent.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In politics it is to resign an office, swearing that one has kept the laws, often in Tacitus.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) More widely it is to disown one's country or children, as Tacitus and Seneca have, and Statius uses it of a tame lion that forswears its loyalty.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note that ''ēierō'' is the classical form and ''ēiūrō'' mostly post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Stelten gives “deny, refuse, abandon”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of swearing oneself unfit for service.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of rejecting a judge on oath.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus, of resigning an office.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To swear that one cannot perform a service;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''bonam cōpiam ēiūrāre'', to swear oneself [[m|en|insolvent]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(law)'' To reject (a judge or court) on oath as partial.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|resign]] an office on oath.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To disown, [[m|en|abjure]], forswear, renounce.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To swear solemnly that.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ēiurātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[iūrō]]

+ * [[iūs#2]]

+ * [[abiūrō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}