centesimus Latin · revision 33160

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *dḱmtom}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɛnˈteː.sɪ.mʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [t͡ʃenˈtɛː.s̬i.mus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''centēsimus''' (feminine centēsima, neuter centēsimum); first/second-declension numeral^(Wiktionary)

+ The spelling ''centēnsimus'' also occurs.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the ordinal of [[m|la|centum|t=hundred]], analysed as [[af|la|centum|-ēsimus]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan explains it as a remaking of an older ⟨*cēsimus⟩, from [[itc-pro|*kent-tamo-]], on the model of [[m|la|vīcēsimus|t=twentieth]] and the other ordinals.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) He traces [[m|la|centum]] to [[itc-pro|*kntom]] and [[ine-pro|*dḱmtom|t=hundred]], cognate with [[sa|शत|tr=śatá-]], [[grc|ἑκατόν|tr=hekatón]] and [[lt|šim̃tas]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short and Köbler find it first in Plautus, who has ''pars centēsima'' “a hundredth part” in the ''Miles gloriosus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Cicero uses it of the hundredth day since the death of Clodius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Varro and Pliny the Elder use it of a hundredfold crop, standing for ''centuplex''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) As a noun, ''centēsima'' is a hundredth part, as a tax of one per cent on goods sold in Tacitus, and above all interest of one per cent a month, twelve per cent a year, in Cicero's letters.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The spelling ⟨centensimus⟩ is found in inscriptions such as the acts of Augustus' Secular Games and in Diocletian's price edict.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of a hundredth part.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of the hundredth day and of monthly interest.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder, of a hundredfold yield.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus, of the one per cent sales tax.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Numeral===

+ # [[m|en|hundredth|alt=Hundredth]] in order.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Forming a hundredth part.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Of a crop, a hundredfold.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''centēsima'' ''(feminine as noun)'': a hundredth part; a one per cent [[m|en|tax]]; [[m|en|interest]] of one per cent a month.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[centēsima]]

+ * [[centēsimō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[centum]]

+ * [[vīcēsimus]]

+ * [[centuplex]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}