elevo Latin · revision 33159

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *h₁legʷʰ-u-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈeː.ɫɛ.woː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈɛː.le.vo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ēlevō''' (present infinitive ēlevāre, perfect active ēlevāvī, supine ēlevātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|levō#1|t1=out, up|t2=to lighten, raise]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) De Vaan derives [[m|la|levō#1]] from [[m|la|levis#1|t=light]], which goes back to [[itc-pro|*leχu-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁legʷʰ-u-|t=light]], cognate with [[grc|ἐλαχύς|tr=elakhús|t=small]] and [[lt|leñgvas|t=light]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL records the figurative sense from Cicero and Livy, and perhaps already from Ennius, and the literal “lift up” from Caesar and Vitruvius.^(TLL) Cicero has it of lessening grief and of making light of the causes of suspicion.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its literal sense, to lift up, is rare in classical Latin: Caesar uses it of raising the top storey of a structure.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Much commoner is to lighten or relieve, and, as Lewis & Short explain from the lighter scale of a balance rising, to make light of, belittle or weaken, as Cicero has of clearness weakened by argument and Livy of playing down an informer.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) The TLL notes that Christian writers liked the literal sense, perhaps taking it over from ''allevō'' and ''sublevō'';^(TLL) the Vulgate has the ark lifted up by the waters.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Stelten glosses it “elevate, raise, lift up”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|elevate]] comes from its participle and dates from the late 15th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of lessening and of making light of things.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar, of raising a storey.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy, of belittling an informer.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate, of the ark lifted up.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 15th century – English [[m|en|elevate]] is formed from its participle.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|lift]] up, raise.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To lessen, diminish; to relieve, [[m|en|alleviate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To make light of, [[m|en|belittle]], disparage.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ēlevātiō]]

+ * [[ēlevātor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[levō#1]]

+ * [[levis#1]]

+ * [[allevō]]

+ * [[sublevō]]

+ * [[en|elevate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}