parento Latin · revision 33123

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=116–27 BC, Varro|origins=ine-pro *perh₃-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [paˈrɛn.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [paˈrɛn.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''parentō''' (present infinitive parentāre, perfect active parentāvī, supine parentātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|parēns|-ō|t1=parent]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan takes [[m|la|parēns]] for an old participle of [[m|la|pariō|t=to bear]], preserving a root aorist of [[ine-pro|*perh₃-|t=to provide]].^(de Vaan 2008) The glossaries seem to derive it from [[m|la|pāreō|t=to obey]].^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Varro uses it first, of those who have the right to perform the rites for the dead there;^(OLD 2012) Cicero also uses it often.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to make the offerings at the tombs of dead parents or relatives, above all at the Parentalia: Cicero asks where a man's tomb exists at which rites may be performed, and says the ancestors wished offerings to be made to the dead in the month of February;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca says offerings to the dead are certainly made by day.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Tertullian says Christians neither sacrifice nor make offerings to the dead, nor eat of what is so offered.^(Lewis & Short 1879) By extension it is to avenge a dead relative or comrade with another's death, as an offering to his spirit: Caesar's soldiers would rather endure anything than fail to avenge the Roman citizens killed at Cenabum, and Livy has the king avenged with the blood of the conspirators.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero uses it of appeasement: Dolabella appeased his commander's spirit sooner than Antony his colleague's.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of the rites for the dead.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of offerings in February.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of avenging Roman citizens.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * c. 160–220 AD – Tertullian of Christians who do not make such offerings.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To perform the rites at the tombs of dead parents or relatives, make offerings to the dead (especially at the [[m|en|Parentalia]]).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To avenge (a dead relative or comrade) by killing someone, as an offering to his spirit; to appease.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[parentātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[parēns]]

+ * [[Parentālia]]

+ * [[pariō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}