praeoccupo Latin · revision 33120

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la occupō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [prae̯ˈɔk.kʊ.poː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [preˈɔk.ku.po]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praeoccupō''' (present infinitive praeoccupāre, perfect active praeoccupāvī, supine praeoccupātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|prae-|occupō|t2=to seize]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan explains [[m|la|occupō]] as originally a denominal verb, belonging with [[m|la|capiō|t=to take]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus uses it in the ''Mostellaria'', where the TLL notes the syllables ⟨-ae-oc-⟩ are run together in the metre.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to seize or occupy a position in advance: Nepos says Datames tried to occupy a pass first so that his enemy could not enter it, Caesar uses it of a route, and Livy of suitable places.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to secure abstract things beforehand: in Livy some see that their colleagues have already won all the favour.^(OLD 2012) Of persons and minds it is to engage or possess beforehand: Caesar says fear had taken hold of the soldiers' minds, Petronius cheerfulness of minds, and Livy minds won over beforehand by a kindness.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) It also means to forestall: Nepos says neither man should forestall the other while they feared each other,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and with an infinitive, to be the first to do something, as in Livy, where some hasten to bring in a law on fines themselves.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The Vulgate uses it of someone caught in a fault.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short note it is classical but not in Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Stelten gives "take by surprise, anticipate, prejudice, preoccupy" for Church Latin.^(Stelten 1995) The English [[m|en|preoccupy]] dates from the 1560s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus in the ''Mostellaria''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+ * c. 100–24 BC – Nepos of occupying a pass and of forestalling.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of fear seizing minds.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of winning favour beforehand.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 1560s – [[m|en|preoccupy]] appears in English.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To seize or [[m|en|occupy]] beforehand (a position); to secure in advance.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To engage or possess (a person, the mind) beforehand, [[m|en|preoccupy]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|anticipate]], [[m|en|forestall]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) ''(with infinitive)'' to be first to do.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' To catch, take by surprise (in a fault).^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[praeoccupātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[occupō]]

+ * [[capiō]]

+ * [[en|preoccupy]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}