praepedio Latin · revision 33117

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *pōd-s}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [prae̯ˈpɛ.di.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [preˈpɛː.di.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praepediō''' (present infinitive praepedīre, perfect active praepedīvī, supine praepedītum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|prae-|t=before]] and the stem ⟨-pediō⟩ of [[m|la|impediō|t=to entangle, hinder]], made from [[m|la|pēs|t=foot]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The TLL compares [[m|la|compediō]], [[m|la|expediō]] and [[m|la|impediō]], though it finds their formation not entirely clear.^(TLL) Lewis & Short derived it from [[m|la|praepes|t=swift]].^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan traces [[m|la|pēs]] to [[itc-pro|*pōd-]] and [[ine-pro|*pōd-s|t=foot]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus uses it first: in the ''Poenulus'' someone is shackled around the sides with strong iron,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and in the ''Casina'' fear hampers the words of the tongue.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to bind or fetter by an extremity: Tacitus has the Numidians' horses tethered.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short call it mostly poetic and post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Usually it is figurative, to hinder or impede: Livy lets soldiers hamper themselves with booty without limit,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Ovid has sobs breaking off the middle of his words, Lucretius hampered legs, and Pliny the Younger people hindered by rivers, snow or winds.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero and Tacitus use it of someone prevented by illness.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Stelten gives "shackle, fetter, obstruct, impede, hinder" for Church Latin.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of shackles and of fear that hampers speech.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of someone prevented by illness.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of soldiers hampered by booty.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of tethered horses.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To bind, [[m|en|fetter]], [[m|en|shackle]] (by the feet or another extremity).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|hinder]], obstruct, [[m|en|impede]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[impraepeditus]]

+ * [[praepedīmentum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[compediō]]

+ * [[expediō]]

+ * [[impediō]]

+ * [[pēs]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}