efflo Latin · revision 33110

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *bʰleh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɛf.fɫoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈɛf.flo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''efflō''' (present infinitive efflāre, perfect active efflāvī, supine efflātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ The older spelling is ''ecflō''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|flō|t2=to blow, breathe]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan tentatively traces [[m|la|flō]] to [[ine-pro|*bʰleh₁-|t=to blow]], and thinks it may be related to [[m|la|fleō|t=to weep]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL reads it first in Plautus, in the ''Persa'', with the old spelling ''ecflāre''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to breathe or blow out: Lucretius has the sun blowing out its fires,^(Lewis & Short 1879) Virgil the Chimaera breathing out Etna's fires from its throat and the horses of the Sun breathing out light,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Ovid fire from mouth and nostrils.^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''Animam efflāre'' is to breathe one's last: Gaius Gracchus tells of a herdsman beaten until he died.^(OLD 2012) Varro uses it of the wind blowing away small creatures, and Catullus of horns sounding a blast.^(OLD 2012) Of things it is to give off vapours or moisture, as in Seneca's earth,^(OLD 2012) and Lucretius uses it of particles losing all their colour.^(OLD 2012) Ennius has it intransitive, of jets of blood spurting out.^(OLD 2012) Petronius uses it of someone babbling out all he had to say.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short call it mostly poetic and post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Stelten gives "give forth, breathe out" for Church Latin.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, its first use.^(TLL)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of blood spurting out.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of the sun blowing out its fires.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of the Chimaera breathing fire.^(OLD 2012)

+ * before 66 AD – Petronius of babbling.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To breathe or blow out, [[m|en|exhale]] (fire, water, sounds); ''animam efflāre'', to breathe one's last, [[m|en|expire]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To blow away;^(OLD 2012) ''(of a horn)'' to sound (a blast).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To give off, emit (vapours, moisture); ''(intransitive)'' to issue forth.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To babble out, [[m|en|blether]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[efflātus]]

+ * [[perefflo]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[flō]]

+ * [[afflō]]

+ * [[īnflō]]

+ * [[exhālō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}