lutulentus Latin · revision 33108

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *l(H)u-to-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɫʊ.tʊˈɫɛn.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [lu.tuˈlɛn.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lutulentus''' (feminine lutulenta, neuter lutulentum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|lutum|-ulentus|t1=mud]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) Gellius discusses how words in ⟨-ulentus⟩ such as this one are formed.^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|lutum]] to [[itc-pro|*luto-]] and [[ine-pro|*l(H)u-to-|t=dirt]], with cognates such as [[sga|loth|t=dirt]] and [[grc|λύθρον|tr=lúthron|t=gore, clotted blood]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus uses it first,^(Köbler 2010) in the ''Bacchides'' of filthy mire, and in the ''Captivi'' of men whom greed has made filthy.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means full of mud, muddy: Horace has a mud-bedaubed pig, Ovid the earth muddy from the recent flood and a turbid river, Martial a muddy mule.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also means stained and dirty: a fragment of Cicero, quoted by Quintilian, has a floor filthy and muddy with wine,^(OLD 2012) and Martial uses it of someone smeared with ointment from the wrestling ground.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is morally filthy or of bad repute, as in Plautus' ''Captivi''.^(OLD 2012) Plautus has the comparative; the superlative is not found.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of mire and of filthy men.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a floor muddy with wine.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of the earth muddy after the flood.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial of a muddy mule.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Full of [[m|en|mud]], [[m|en|muddy]], miry;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) ''(of a river)'' [[m|en|turbid]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Stained, dirty; smeared (with oil or ointment).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(figurative)'' Morally [[m|en|filthy]], of bad repute.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lutum]]

+ * [[lutōsus]]

+ * [[caenum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}