trano Latin · revision 33088

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=ine-pro *(s)neh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈtraː.noː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈtraː.no]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''trānō''' (present infinitive trānāre, perfect active trānāvī, supine trānātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''trānsnō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|trāns-|nō|t1=across|t2=to swim]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|nō]] to [[itc-pro|*(s)nāje/o-|t=to swim]] and [[ine-pro|*(s)neh₂-|t=to swim, float]], cognate with [[sga|snaïd|t=swims]] and [[sa|स्नात|tr=snātá-|t=bathed, washed]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is Ennius' ''Annals'', of passing swiftly through the soft air.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to swim across: Caesar has a river that it was easy to swim across, and a very few men who trusted their strength and tried to swim over.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy tells of a man who leapt into the Tiber and swam safely back to his own side.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also means to sail across, as in the ''Ciris'' and the ''Culex''.^(OLD 2012) In poetry it is used of moving through the air: Virgil has Mercury, trusting in his wand, driving the winds and passing through the stormy clouds.^(OLD 2012) Of things it means to pass smoothly across, as the night crossing the sky in Cicero's ''Aratea'',^(OLD 2012) and Wiktionary adds to penetrate or permeate.^(Wiktionary) The OLD files it under the spelling ''trānsnō''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of passing through the air.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of night crossing the sky.^(OLD 2012)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of swimming across a river.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of Mercury passing through the clouds.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of swimming the Tiber.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|swim]] across or through;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) ''(intransitive)'' to swim to the other side.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To sail or float across;^(OLD 2012) ''(poetic)'' to pass through the air.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(of things)'' To pass smoothly across; to [[m|en|penetrate]], permeate.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[nō]]

+ * [[natō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}