superfundo Latin · revision 33087

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=59 BC–17 AD, Livy|origins=ine-pro *ǵʰu-n-d-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [sʊ.pɛrˈfʊn.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [su.perˈfun.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''superfundō''' (present infinitive superfundere, perfect active superfūdī, supine superfūsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|super-|fundō|t1=over|t2=to pour]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|fundō]] to [[itc-pro|*χund-]] and [[ine-pro|*ǵʰu-n-d-|t=to pour]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The earliest OLD citations are Livy, of games prevented when the Circus was flooded by the overflowing Tiber, and Ovid, of bathing in poured water.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to pour something over a surface, often with a dative: Ovid has bodies dipped in water poured over them,^(OLD 2012) and Columella tells the reader to pour oil over a mixture.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Tacitus uses it of a great shower of missiles.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In the passive it is used of liquids spilling over, as the Tiber in Livy,^(OLD 2012) and figuratively of anything that cannot be held in, especially of invaders spreading over a land;^(OLD 2012) Seneca compares bodies that can draw in under their armour with those that spread out.^(OLD 2012) It also means to shower something upon someone, give it profusely.^(Wiktionary) Lewis & Short call it mostly poetic and post-Augustan, absent from Cicero and Caesar.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Stelten gives "pour over or out, extend" for Church Latin.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of the overflowing Tiber.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of poured water.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella of pouring oil.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of a shower of missiles.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|pour]] over or upon; to cover with something poured over.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(passive, of liquids)'' To spill over;^(OLD 2012) ''(of invaders)'' to spread over.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To shower upon, give profusely.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[superfusio]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fundō]]

+ * [[offundō]]

+ * [[effundō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}