debello Latin · revision 33067

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la bellum}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [deːˈbɛl.loː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [deˈbɛl.lo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēbellō''' (present infinitive dēbellāre, perfect active dēbellāvī, supine dēbellātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dē-|bellō|t2=to wage war]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|bellum|t=war]] had the older form ⟨duellum⟩, found in Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short find it no earlier than the Augustan age.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Virgil has the line ''parcere subiectīs et dēbellāre superbōs'', "to spare the conquered and subdue the proud".^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is especially frequent in Livy, meaning to fight a war to its end:^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy writes that Aulius finished the war with the Ferentani in one successful battle, and often has the impersonal ''dēbellātum est'', "the war was over", and the ablative ''dēbellātō'', "once the war was ended".^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Horace uses it of a brawl of Centaurs and Lapiths fought out over wine.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) As a transitive verb, in poetry and post-Augustan prose, it means to subdue completely: Virgil has a hard people to be subdued in Latium, Ovid India, and Suetonius the provinces of Gaul and Illyricum.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Pliny the Elder uses it of a law that locusts be fought three times a year.^(OLD 2012) Stelten glosses it "wage war".^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of subduing the proud.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of a brawl fought out.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of ending wars.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of fighting locusts.^(OLD 2012)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius of subduing Gaul.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To fight a war to its end, finish a war;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''dēbellātum est'', the war is over.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To fight (a battle) out.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To [[m|en|subdue]], [[m|en|vanquish]], [[m|en|conquer]] completely.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēbellātiō]]

+ * [[dēbellātor]]

+ * [[debellatrix]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[bellō]]

+ * [[bellum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}