effetus Latin · revision 33059

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *dheh₁-to-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛfˈfeː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [efˈfɛː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''effētus''' (feminine effēta, neuter effētum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''ecfētus''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|fētus|t2=having given birth]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|fētus]] to [[itc-pro|*fēto-]] and [[ine-pro|*dheh₁-to-|t=having given birth]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Lucretius.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is first an animal that has brought forth young or a plant that has borne fruit, as Columella's bitch that runs short of milk after giving birth.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Hence it means worn out with bearing, and of soil exhausted by crops, as in Virgil's advice to scatter ashes on exhausted fields.^(OLD 2012) More widely it is worn out or feeble: Cicero says that a lustful youth hands on a worn-out body to old age.^(OLD 2012) Mela uses it of Spain as barren by nature.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note the spelling ''effētus'', not ''effoetus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) English took it in the 1620s as [[m|en|effete]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a worn-out body.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of exhausted fields.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 43/44 AD – Mela of Spain.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1620s – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|effete]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # That has brought forth young or borne fruit.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Worn out with bearing;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) (of soil) exhausted, no longer productive.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Worn out, [[m|en|exhausted]], feeble, [[m|en|effete]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Barren, [[m|en|sterile]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fētus]]

+ * [[fēta]]

+ * [[en|effete]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}