undecimus Latin · revision 33050

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la ūndecim}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [uːnˈdɛ.kɪ.mʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [unˈdɛː.t͡ʃi.mus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ūndecimus''' (feminine ūndecima, neuter ūndecimum); first/second-declension numeral^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''undecumus''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[der|la|ūndecim|t=eleven]], with the ending of [[m|la|decimus|t=tenth]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan explains the numeral as made of the words for one and ten.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Virgil,^(Köbler 2010) who has it of a year in the ''Eclogues''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means eleventh:^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy has the eleventh legion, Pliny the Elder the eleventh day, and Velleius Paterculus a man eleventh in descent from Hercules.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) As a feminine noun it is an eleventh part, in Frontinus and the jurist Maecianus, or the eleventh hour, in a letter of Marcus Aurelius to Fronto.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Augustus uses the neuter for "the eleventh time" of his consulship.^(OLD 2012) The land surveyors have the vulgar ''prīmus et decimus'' instead.^(Georges 1913) Medieval British writers use the ablative for "in the eleventh place" and the eleventh hour of the parable in Matthew.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of a year.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of the eleventh legion.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ * c. 20 BC–30 AD – Velleius Paterculus of descent from Hercules.^(Georges 1913)

+ * 100–170 AD – In Fronto's letters, the eleventh hour of the night.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Numeral===

+ # [[m|en|eleventh|alt=Eleventh]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(feminine as noun)'' An eleventh part; the eleventh hour.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(DMLBS)

+ # ''(neuter as adverb)'' For the eleventh time.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ūndecim]]

+ * [[decimus]]

+ * [[ūnus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}