lamentatio Latin · revision 33017

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *leh2-mn-to-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lāmentātiō''' ''f'' (genitive lāmentātiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|lāmentor|-tiō|t1=to wail, lament]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan derives that verb from [[m|la|lāmentum|t=wailing]], from [[itc-pro|*lāmnto-|t=howling]] and [[ine-pro|*leh2-mn-to-|t=howling, crying]], comparing [[lt|lóti|t=to bark]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who lists grief, tears and lamentation together in the ''Mercator''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is wailing or lamentation, above all for the dead.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Cicero defines it as distress with wailing, and speaks of filling the forum with beating of breasts and lamentation.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL finds it in verse only in single passages of Plautus and Seneca's tragedies, in prose from Cicero on.^(TLL) In Church Latin the plural is the title of the Lamentations of Jeremiah, and the Vulgate has a night of lamentation.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin uses it of a legal complaint or action.^(Niermeyer 1976) English ''lamentation'' (late 14th century) came through Old French and directly from Latin.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero defines it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate, ''Lamentationes'' for the book of Jeremiah.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * late 14th century – English ''lamentation''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|wailing|alt=Wailing]], [[m|en|lamentation]], weeping, moaning.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin, plural)'' The Lamentations of Jeremiah.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A legal complaint, action.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lamentor|alt=lāmentor]]

+ * [[en|lamentation]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Lewis & Short compare [[querela]], [[questus]], [[lamentum|alt=lāmentum]], [[plangor]] and [[planctus]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}