protendo Latin · revision 32980

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81/79–52/50 BC, Catullus|origins=ine-pro *ten-d(ʰ)-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [proːˈtɛn.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [proˈtɛn.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prōtendō''' (present infinitive prōtendere, perfect active prōtendī, supine prōtēnsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ The perfect participle is ''prōtentus'', more rarely ''prōtēnsus''.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|prō-|tendō|t2=to stretch]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) The TLL compares [[grc|προτείνω|tr=proteínō|t=to stretch forth]].^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|tendō]] to [[itc-pro|*tend-]] and [[ine-pro|*ten-d(ʰ)-|t=to stretch]], the root that also gave [[teneo|alt=teneō]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short's earliest quotation is Catullus, who writes of a gaze stretched out over the surging sea.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to stretch out before one, extend: in Virgil spears are thrust far forward, Ovid has arms stretched toward the sea, Petronius upturned hands held out to someone's knees, and Tacitus a neck stretched out bravely.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to hold out a thing for others to see: in Tacitus a man holds out his son, commending him now to individuals, now to the whole crowd.^(OLD 2012) Of mountains and other features it is to stretch forward, as Seneca's Cithaeron with its steep ridges.^(OLD 2012) In time it is to prolong: Seneca writes of how far a human life can be extended, and Gellius uses it of lengthening a sound in speech.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note it is not used by Cicero, and give ''porrigō'' as a synonym.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it to hold up, stretch forward, extend and lengthen.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus of a gaze stretched out over the sea.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of spears thrust forward.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of a ridge and of a lengthened life.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius of lengthening a sound.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|stretch]] out or forth, [[m|en|extend]]; to hold out, present.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Of landscape features, to stretch forward.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|prolong]] (in time); to lengthen (a sound).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[protensio]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tendo|alt=tendō]]

+ * [[porrigo|alt=porrigō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}