culeus Latin · revision 32953

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=grc κολεός}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cūleus''' ''m'' (genitive cūleī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''culleus'', the form under which the OLD enters it.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Cato has a neuter plural ''cullea'' and a genitive plural ''culleum''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Wiktionary and Köbler take it as [[bor|grc|κολεός|tr=koleós|t=sheath]], and Lewis & Short equate it with that word and its Ionic form [[m|grc|κουλεός|tr=kouleós]].^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The OLD calls it apparently cognate with the Greek word.^(OLD 2012) De Vaan, comparing [[m|grc|κολεόν|tr=koleón|t=sheath of a sword]], thinks it probably a loanword from a non-Indo-European language taken into Latin and Greek independently.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who writes of oil to be brought in leather sacks.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a leather sack for liquids, especially wine: Varro has country people pouring wine into a jar or sack, Nepos many skins and sacks gathered, and Pliny the Elder wagons loaded with wine sacks.^(OLD 2012) It is also the largest liquid measure, twenty amphorae, used by Cato, Varro, Columella and Pliny for wine.^(OLD 2012) It was above all the sack in which parricides were sewn up and drowned: Plautus already has the order to sew someone in a sack and carry him out to sea, and Cicero, Quintilian, Juvenal and Suetonius use it of the punishment.^(OLD 2012) The elder Seneca quotes the joke that someone put his brother in a wooden sack, an unarmed ship.^(OLD 2012) De Vaan takes [[coleus|alt=cōleī]] “testicles” as probably a variant of the same word.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of oil sacks and of the parricide's sack.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of the wine measure.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of the punishment of the sack.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian quotes the law on parricides.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A large leather [[m|en|sack]] for liquids, especially wine.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A liquid measure of twenty amphorae.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(law)'' The sack in which a [[m|en|parricide]] was sewn up and drowned; that punishment.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cōleus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}