alienigena Latin · revision 32943

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *ǵenh₁-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''aliēnigena''' (genitive aliēnigenae); first-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a compound of [[m|la|aliēnus|t=foreign]] and [[m|la|-gena]], from the root of [[m|la|gignō|t=to beget]]; the TLL compares [[indigena|alt=indigena]] “native”.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan traces the root of that verb to [[ine-pro|*ǵenh₁-|t=to beget]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who uses it very often in his speeches, for instance of a man from far away and foreign.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As a noun it is a foreigner or stranger; as an adjective it means born in or belonging to another country, foreign, and is used of imported or exotic things.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL notes that a second-declension adjective ''aliēnigenus'' is certain only from Valerius Maximus on.^(TLL) Church Latin glosses it stranger, foreigner.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of foreigners.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|foreigner]], [[m|en|stranger]], [[m|en|alien]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Born in another country; foreign, imported, exotic.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[alienus|alt=aliēnus]]

+ * [[indigena|alt=indigena]]

+ * [[gigno|alt=gignō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein groups it with [[peregrinus|alt=peregrīnus]], [[advena|alt=advena]] and [[hospes|alt=hospes]] as words for one who stays for a time in a country not his own, against ''exterus'' and ''externus'', one living in a foreign country.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}