iunctura Latin · revision 32924

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *(H)iunégti}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''iūnctūra''' ''f'' (genitive iūnctūrae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|iungō|-ūra|t1=to join]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces [[m|la|iungō]] to [[itc-pro|*jung-e/o-]] and the nasal present [[ine-pro|*(H)iunégti|t=to yoke]], comparing [[sa|युनज्मि|tr=yunájmi|t=I yoke]] and [[grc|ζεύγνυμι|tr=zeúgnumi]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Lucretius.^(Köbler 2010) Caesar uses it of the distance between joined beams.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the point where one part is attached to another, a joint, as in walls of squared stone with long joints in Vitruvius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of the body it is a joint: Ovid has the joints of the knees grow stiff.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Columella uses it of the yoking of oxen.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Abstractly it is a putting together or combination: Seneca writes of a ship or a house made of different parts joined into one.^(OLD 2012) In style it is the setting of words side by side: Horace says a familiar word can be made new by a clever ''iūnctūra'', and Quintilian warns against a junction of words that sounds ugly.^(OLD 2012) Ovid uses it of the bond of kinship and of a web binding red toes.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short call it poetic and post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it joint,^(Stelten 1995) and in Medieval Latin it is an encounter or skirmish.^(Niermeyer 1976) English borrowed ''juncture'' and, through Old French, ''jointure'' in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses the word.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of joined beams.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of a clever setting of words.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''juncture'' and ''jointure''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|joint]], the point where parts are joined; a joint of the body.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A joining, [[m|en|combination]]; the yoking of oxen.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The setting of words together, [[m|en|collocation]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A bond, connecting link; an association of persons.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' An encounter, [[m|en|skirmish]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[iungo|alt=iungō]]

+ * [[en|juncture]]

+ * [[en|jointure]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}