irrigo Latin · revision 32878

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la rigō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɪr.rɪ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈir.ri.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''irrigō''' (present infinitive irrigāre, perfect active irrigāvī, supine irrigātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''inrigō''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|rigō|t2=to water, moisten]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan notes that the compound is attested earlier than the simple verb, which appears only from Lucretius on, and thinks the compound clearly the older form.^(de Vaan 2008) He considers that [[m|la|rigō]] may share the root of [[m|la|regō|t=to guide]], so that the compound first meant to lead water onto the fields, and reconstructs [[itc-pro|*rig-ā-|t=to lead toward]] and [[ine-pro|*Hriǵ-|t=to stretch]].^(de Vaan 2008) Others connect a root meaning to flow; de Vaan finds that this leaves the problem of the Latin forms unsolved.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008) In the OLD's earliest quotation, from Plautus, a character speaks of refreshing one's old age with Leucadian wine.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is to wet with a flowing liquid, to flood or drench, and so to water land or plants: Cato tells the farmer to sprinkle or pour olive lees on the trees.^(OLD 2012) Cicero writes that the Nile waters Egypt, and Catullus of a spring that waters a cave.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is to refresh or nourish, and to spread a feeling through the body.^(OLD 2012) The manuscripts write ⟨inr-⟩ and ⟨irr-⟩ without distinction.^(TLL) Church Latin glosses it to water, irrigate.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|irrigate]] comes from its past participle, from the 1610s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of refreshing oneself with wine.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of pouring olive lees on trees.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of the Nile watering Egypt.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1610s – English [[m|en|irrigate|alt=irrigate]] is formed from its past participle.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To wet with a flowing liquid, to [[m|en|flood]], drench.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To water land or plants, to [[m|en|irrigate]]; of rivers, to water the country around.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Figuratively, to refresh, nourish.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To make a liquid flow over something; figuratively, to diffuse, shed a sensation.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To [[m|en|overwhelm]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[irrigātiō]]

+ * [[irrigātor]]

+ * [[irrigīuus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rigo|alt=rigō]]

+ * [[irriguus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}