rubens Latin · revision 32856

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *h₁rudʰ-ró-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rubēns''' (genitive rubentis; comparative rubentior); third-declension one-termination adjective^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Used as an adjective, it is the present participle [[der|la|rubeō|t=to be red]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan lists [[m|la|rubeō]] among the derivatives of [[m|la|ruber|t=red]], which he traces to [[itc-pro|*ruþro-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁rudʰ-ró-|t=red]], with cognates such as [[grc|ἐρυθρός|tr=eruthrós|t=red]] and [[xum|rufru|t=red]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Gaffiot's first example is from Lucretius.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates it from Virgil.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is red, reddish, tinged with red: Virgil has grapes, and Pliny the Elder leaves.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016) Virgil's ⟨vēr rubēns⟩ is the spring bright with red and other flowers.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016) Pliny uses the comparative ⟨rubentior⟩.^(Gaffiot 2016) Figuratively it is blushing, red with shame, in Tibullus and Martial, and Jerome uses it of cheeks flushed with wine.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of grapes and of the spring.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial of blushing.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 383–419/420 AD – Jerome of cheeks flushed with wine.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|red|alt=Red]], reddish, tinged with red; of the spring, bright with flowers.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # [[m|en|blushing|alt=Blushing]], red with shame; flushed with wine.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rubeo|alt=rubeō]]

+ * [[ruber]]

+ * [[rubor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}