sollemnis Latin · revision 32832

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=la sollus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [sɔlˈlɛm.nɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [solˈlɛm.nis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sollemnis''' (neuter sollemne, comparative sollemnior, adverb sollemniter); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''sōlemnis'', and Cato has ''sollempnis''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ The superlative is perhaps found only in Fronto and Apuleius.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The OLD calls the origin doubtful.^(OLD 2012) It is traditionally explained as [[af|la|sollus|annus|t1=whole|t2=year]], as Festus does, but Wiktionary finds the dissimilation this needs bizarre.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of [[m|la|sollus|t=whole]], which he traces to [[itc-pro|*solno-|t=whole]] and [[ine-pro|*sol(h₂)-no-|t=whole]].^(de Vaan 2008) Szemerényi proposed an old middle participle of [[m|la|soleō|t=to be accustomed]], and Nussbaum [[m|la|sollus]] with [[m|la|epulum|t=feast]] in an older sense ritual.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Cato.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) In the OLD's earliest quotation Cato speaks of rites that are fixed, solemn and sacred.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is first performed according to the forms of religion, solemn, ceremonial: Cicero has the solemn prayer at elections, Virgil solemn vows to the Nymphs, and Livy dances.^(OLD 2012) Of banquets it is formal, as in Curtius and Tacitus, and in law it is formal, according to legal procedure, as the set words of Gaius.^(OLD 2012) In general it is traditional, customary: Horace calls hunting a customary task for Roman men.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short take its first sense to be yearly.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The neuter ⟨sollemne⟩ is a noun: a religious ceremony, especially in the plural, the formalities of law, and a customary practice, as Cicero's habit of never letting a traveller go without a letter.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it solemn, and the noun solemnity, rite, ceremony.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|solemn]] comes from it, partly through Old French, from the mid-14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of solemn rites.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of the solemn prayer at elections.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of a customary task.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 140–180 AD – Gaius of formal legal words.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English [[m|en|solemn|alt=solemn]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Yearly, annual.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Performed according to religious forms, [[m|en|solemn]], ceremonial; of banquets, formal;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''(law)'' formal.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # [[m|en|traditional|alt=Traditional]], customary.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''sollemne'': a religious ceremony, solemn [[m|en|rite]]; in the plural, ritual offerings or legal formalities.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''sollemne'': a customary practice.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sollemne]]

+ * [[sollemnitās]]

+ * [[sollemnitus]]

+ * [[sollemnizō]]

+ * [[sollemniter]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sollers]]

+ * [[sollicitus]]

+ * [[solliferreum]]

+ * [[sollus]]

+ * [[annus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}