cautio Latin · revision 32827

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *kouh₁-éie-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈkau̯.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈkau̯t.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cautiō''' ''f'' (genitive cautiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Paul the Deacon's Festus says that the older form was ''cavitiō''.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|caveō|-tiō|t1=to beware, take care]].^(OLD 2012)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces [[m|la|caveō]] to [[itc-pro|*kawē-]] and [[ine-pro|*kouh₁-éie-|t=to perceive]], comparing [[grc|κοέω|tr=koéō|t=to perceive, understand]] and [[sa|कवि|tr=kaví-|t=seer, poet, wise man]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Plautus.^(Köbler 2010) In the OLD's quotation Plautus has someone say he must take care that nothing knocks out his teeth.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is taking care, caution, circumspection: Cicero speaks of departing from his habit of caution and diligence.^(OLD 2012) It is also a precaution: Cicero advises a friend among his precautions to avoid the Treveri.^(OLD 2012) In law it is a written stipulation or proviso, as the clause in Rullus' land law, and a written undertaking or guarantee, as in Cicero's speech for Roscius the actor.^(OLD 2012) It is then the document itself: Cicero sends a friend a little Greek bond in his own hand.^(OLD 2012) Niermeyer records the medieval senses a deed of security and a charter of promises.^(Niermeyer 1976) Church Latin glosses it caution, warning, security, warranty, bond, bail, guarantee, surety.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|caution]] comes from it through Old French, from about 1300, first meaning bail or guarantee.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of taking care.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of caution, of a proviso and of a written bond.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English [[m|en|caution|alt=caution]], first of bail.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Care, [[m|en|caution]], circumspection;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''cautiō est nē'', one must take care that not; a [[m|en|precaution]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(law)'' A written stipulation, proviso or exception.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(law)'' A written undertaking, [[m|en|guarantee]], bond; the document containing it.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A deed of security; a charter of promises.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cautiōnālis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[caveo|alt=caveō]]

+ * [[cautus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}