sorbeo Latin · revision 32811

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *srobʰ-eie-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsɔr.be.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsɔr.be.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sorbeō''' (present infinitive sorbēre, perfect active sorbuī or sorpsī, supine sorbitum or sorptum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Apuleius has a present subjunctive ''sorbāmus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ A perfect ''sorpsī'' is found in Valerius Maximus and was noted as a vulgarism.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*sorfeie-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*srobʰ-eie-|t=to take various sips, slurp]].^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan compares [[hit|šarāp-|t=to sip]] and [[grc|ῥοφέω|tr=rhophéō|t=to slurp, gulp]], and the OLD [[lt|srēbiù]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) If the root had the full grade ⟨*srebʰ-⟩, as the Lithuanian and Greek forms indicate, the Latin ⟨sorb-⟩ must be secondary.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008) In the OLD's earliest quotation Plautus speaks of sisters who suck men's blood.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to drink or suck up: Pliny the Elder has an octopus sucking with its cups at divers it attacks.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it is to absorb: Cicero writes that he must not only swallow someone's hatred but digest it.^(OLD 2012) It is also to breathe in: Lucretius says that when we breathe the mixed air we must take that in too.^(OLD 2012) Of things it is to soak up, as dry earth drinking in rain in Ovid.^(OLD 2012) Of whirlpools it is to suck in, engulf: Sallust describes Charybdis swallowing ships in hidden eddies.^(OLD 2012) Seneca uses it of boats that ship water.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it to suck up, swallow, absorb.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of sucking blood.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of breathing in.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust of Charybdis.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of an octopus.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To drink up, [[m|en|suck]] up; to swallow.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Figuratively, to [[m|en|absorb]], take in.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To breathe in, [[m|en|inhale]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of things, to soak up; of whirlpools, to [[m|en|engulf]]; of boats, to ship water.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[absorbeō]]

+ * [[dēsorbeō]]

+ * [[exsorbeō]]

+ * [[obsorbeō]]

+ * [[persorbeō]]

+ * [[resorbeō]]

+ * [[sorbilis]]

+ * [[sorbilō]]

+ * [[sorbitiō]]

+ * [[sorbitium]]

+ * [[sorbillō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}