ardesco Latin · revision 32804

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂eh₁s-eh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [aːrˈdeːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [arˈdɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ārdēscō''' (present infinitive ārdēscere, perfect active ārsī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ārdeō|-scō|t1=to burn]], with the inchoative suffix.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan derives [[m|la|ārdeō]] from [[m|la|āridus|t=dry]], from [[m|la|āreō|t=to be dry]], which he traces to [[itc-pro|*ās-ē-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂eh₁s-eh₁-|t=to be dry]], comparing [[xto|asatär|t=dries up]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL records it from Plautus on: in the ''Persa'' a slave is told to put out the fire if his heart is burning, so that his head does not catch fire.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lucretius uses it of things that grow hot with motion until they catch fire and of the regions of the sky taking fire;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) the OLD also records it of a volcano erupting and of things that become bright.^(OLD 2012) Tacitus has a city that becomes hotter in the sun.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it is to become inflamed or excited, and with ⟨in⟩ and the accusative to hanker after something: Tacitus writes of someone becoming eager for an incestuous marriage.^(OLD 2012) It is also to grow fierce: in Virgil the neighing of horses grows louder.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note that it is mostly poetic or post-Augustan and not found in Cicero, where the compound [[exardesco|alt=exārdēscō]] is very frequent.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a head catching fire.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of things catching fire and of the sky taking fire.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of the growing noise of horses.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of a hot city and of eagerness for a marriage.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To catch fire, [[m|en|kindle]]; of a volcano, to erupt; to become bright or hot.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To become inflamed or excited; to become eager for.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To become intense, grow fierce or violent.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[exārdēscō]]

+ * [[inārdēscō]]

+ * [[redardescō]]

+ * [[obardesco]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ardeo|alt=ārdeō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}