onerosus Latin · revision 32794

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=ine-pro *h₃en-os}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɔ.nɛˈroː.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [o.neˈrɔː.s̬us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''onerōsus''' (feminine onerōsa, neuter onerōsum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Manuscripts often spell it ''hon-''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|onus|-ōsus|t1=load, burden]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan traces [[m|la|onus]] to [[itc-pro|*ones-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₃en-os|t=load]], comparing [[sa|अनस्|tr=ánas-|t=heavy cart]].^(de Vaan 2008) He finds the link with [[hit|anii̯e/a-zi|t=to work, carry out]] semantically not compelling.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first quotation is in Virgil's ''Aeneid'', where the darkness of the branches and the heavy booty hinder Euryalus.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is oppressively heavy, often with a dative of the person burdened, and without a bad sense simply heavy, as in Virgil of a lion's hide heavy with shaggy hair.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it is burdensome or tiresome: in Ovid one lot is more burdensome than the other.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short find it in poetry and in prose after Augustus, and Pliny the Elder uses it of food that is hard to digest.^(Lewis & Short 1879) English [[m|en|onerous]] was borrowed in the late 14th century from Old French and directly from Latin.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of heavy booty.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of a more burdensome lot.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of food hard to digest.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''onerous''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Oppressively heavy; heavy, [[m|en|weighty]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Burdensome, [[m|en|onerous]], tiresome;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) of food, hard to digest.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[onerositas]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[onus]]

+ * [[en|onerous]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}