temero Latin · revision 32768

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=ine-pro *temH-os-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈtɛ.mɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈtɛː.me.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''temerō''' (present infinitive temerāre, perfect active temerāvī, supine temerātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|temere|t=rashly, blindly]] with the verbal suffix [[m|la|-ō]], properly to treat rashly.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan explains [[m|la|temere]] as a fossilized locative of a noun meaning “darkness”, from [[itc-pro|*temesi]] and [[ine-pro|*temH-os-|t=darkness]], comparing [[sa|तमस्|tr=támas-|t=darkness]] and [[lt|tamsà|t=darkness]].^(de Vaan 2008) Festus derived it from [[temeritas|alt=temeritās]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Virgil,^(de Vaan 2008) whose ''Aeneid'' speaks of avenging the temples of Minerva that were violated.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to violate or desecrate anything protected by religion, and especially to violate sexually: Ovid has the violated Auge and the violation of chaste marriage beds.^(OLD 2012) Lucan uses it of shores violated by the Argo, a place where it was not natural to go.^(OLD 2012) It is also to pollute or defile, as of rivers poisoned in Ovid.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short find it mostly in poetry and sometimes in prose after Augustus.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Wiktionary adds to dishonour, disgrace.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of violated temples.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of sexual violation and of polluted rivers.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 39–65 AD – Lucan of violated shores.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|violate]], [[m|en|desecrate]], profane.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To violate sexually; to violate (a marriage).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To violate (a place) by going where one should not.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|pollute]], defile; to dishonour.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[contemerō]]

+ * [[intemerandus]]

+ * [[intemerātus]]

+ * [[temeratio]]

+ * [[temerātor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[temere]]

+ * [[temerarius|alt=temerārius]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}