trinus Latin · revision 32753

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *trís}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈtriː.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈtriː.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''trīnus''' (feminine trīna, neuter trīnum); first/second-declension numeral^(Wiktionary)

+ It is mostly used in the plural, ''trīnī'', ''-ae'', ''-a''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|trēs|t=three]] on the model of [[bini|alt=bīnī]].^(OLD 2012) Wiktionary derives it from [[itc-pro|*triznos]], from [[ine-pro|*trís|t=thrice]] and the adjective suffix [[m|ine-pro|*-nós]].^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reports Coleman's doubt whether it or [[terni|alt=ternī]] is the regular outcome; perhaps ⟨ternī⟩ comes from ⟨*tri-no-⟩, the older formation, and ⟨trīnī⟩ from ⟨*trisno-⟩, a newer one like ⟨bīnī⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates the plural from Plautus,^(Köbler 2010) who has a playful jingle about three times three triple joys.^(OLD 2012) De Vaan dates it from Cato,^(de Vaan 2008) who lists three teams of oxen.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is three each or three at a time, and three forming a group: Ovid has three deities worshipped by a district, Suetonius three sacrifices a day.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) With nouns used only in the plural it simply means three: Cicero speaks of three sets of games and three letters, Caesar of a man bound with three chains and of three camps taken.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also means multiplied into three, as Pliny's three suns, and in the singular threefold or triple, as Seneca's triple barking.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin uses it for three in one, triune.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|trine]] “threefold” was borrowed in the late 14th century from Old French and directly from Latin.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of three teams of oxen.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of three sets of games.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of three chains.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca, threefold.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''trine''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # ''(plural)'' Three each, three at a time; three together.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(plural, with nouns used only in the plural)'' [[m|en|three|alt=Three]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Multiplied into three;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''(singular)'' threefold, [[m|en|triple]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' Three in one, [[m|en|triune]].^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[trinio]]

+ * [[trīnitās]]

+ * [[ūnitrīnus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tres|alt=trēs]]

+ * [[en|trine]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}