incesso Latin · revision 32707

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=back-formation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la incēdō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪŋˈkɛs.soː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [in̠ʲˈt͡ʃɛs.so]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''incessō''' (present infinitive incessere, perfect active incessīvī or incessī, supine incessum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ The perfect is usually ''incessīvī'', less often ''incessī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[der|la|incēdō|t=to advance, march]], a back-formation from its perfect ⟨incessī⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan lists [[m|la|incēdō]] under [[cedo#1|alt=cēdō]] “to go, give way”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short think it perhaps not found before the Augustan age.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Virgil has a city's walls under attack and fire flying onto the roofs.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to attack or assail, especially with missiles: Livy has a part of the body attacked with javelins and stones.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is to assail with criticism or taunts: Livy has Lucius Furius Purpureo attacking his enemy Gnaeus Manlius.^(OLD 2012) Statius uses it of reproaching delays.^(OLD 2012) Wiktionary also gives to advance, march along.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of walls attacked.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of missiles and of verbal attacks.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 45–96 AD – Statius of reproaching delays.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|attack]], [[m|en|assail]], fall upon, especially with missiles.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To assail with criticism, [[m|en|reproach]], abuse.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To advance, march along.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}