stratum Latin · revision 32682

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *st(e)r-n-h₃-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈstraː.tũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈstraː.tum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''strātum''' ''n'' (genitive strātī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the neuter, used as a noun, of [[m|la|strātus]], the past participle of [[m|la|sternō|t=to spread, strew]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|sternō]] to [[itc-pro|*sterna-]] and [[ine-pro|*st(e)r-n-h₃-|t=to spread, strew]], comparing [[sa|स्तृणाति|tr=str̥ṇā́ti|t=to spread out, extend, strew]] and [[grc|στόρνυμι|tr=stórnumi|t=to extend, strew out]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Lucretius,^(Köbler 2010) who has the soft coverings of a bed and the stone pavements of roads worn down by the feet of the crowd.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is first a piece of bedding, a coverlet, and then a bed or couch: Nepos has a bed made of straw on the ground.^(OLD 2012) It is also a saddlecloth or horse blanket: Livy has saddlecloths taken off mules.^(OLD 2012) Vitruvius uses it of a level floor or platform, and ''strāta viārum'' are paved streets.^(OLD 2012) English [[m|en|stratum]] “horizontal layer” (1590s) is a Modern Latin use of the word.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of bed coverings and paved roads.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 100–24 BC – Nepos of a straw bed.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of saddlecloths.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius of a floor.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1590s – English ''stratum'', a horizontal layer.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A piece of bedding, [[m|en|coverlet]], blanket; a bed, couch.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|saddlecloth]], horse blanket.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A level floor, platform;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''strāta viārum'', paved streets.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[substrātum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sterno|alt=sternō]]

+ * [[en|stratum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}