intemperans Latin · revision 32669

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *temp-os}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪnˈtɛm.pɛ.rãːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [inˈtɛm.pe.rans]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''intemperāns''' (genitive intemperantis, comparative intemperantior, superlative intemperantissimus, adverb intemperanter); third-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|temperāns|t1=not|t2=moderate]], the present participle of [[m|la|temperō|t=to moderate]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan derives that verb from [[m|la|tempus]], from [[ine-pro|*temp-os|t=stretch]]: its sense to restrain shows a shift from stretching to measuring.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cicero.^(Köbler 2010) In the OLD's earliest quotation Plautus has someone called headstrong, not modest, for draining what he could from the house.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is lacking self-control, unrestrained, as in Plautus.^(OLD 2012) It is above all licentious, lewd: the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' imagines calling Hippolytus licentious and an adulterer.^(OLD 2012) Of things it is not well tempered, extreme: Seneca asks what is more extreme in climate than Corsica.^(OLD 2012) Apuleius has an immoderate mixture.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL finds the ablative in ⟨-ī⟩ from Livy, in ⟨-e⟩ only in Apuleius, and the comparative from Livy.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a headstrong spendthrift.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of Corsica's climate.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Lacking self-control, unrestrained, [[m|en|intemperate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|licentious|alt=Licentious]], incontinent, lewd.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Not well tempered, extreme.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[intemperantia]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[temperans|alt=temperāns]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}