occidens Latin · revision 32642

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la cadō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɔk.kɪ.dẽːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈɔt.t͡ʃi.dens]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''occidēns''' ''m'' (genitive occidentis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the present participle [[der|la|occidō|t=to fall down; to set]], used as an adjective and as a noun, the place of the setting sun.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) That verb is a compound of [[m|la|ob]] and [[m|la|cadō|t=to fall]], which de Vaan derives, with some doubt, from [[ine-pro|*(ḱe-)ḱh₂d-|t=to fall]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cicero.^(Köbler 2010) In the OLD's earliest quotation Cicero writes of torches seen in the west at night.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As an adjective it is connected with sunset, and western: Varro says that if you face south, the eastern parts of the world are on your left and the western on your right.^(OLD 2012) As a noun it is the quarter of the setting sun, the west, which Vitruvius distinguishes by season as the winter west.^(OLD 2012) It is also the western part of the known world and its peoples: Cicero writes that he has firm leaders and armies in the West.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it west, evening.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|occident]] comes from it, partly through Old French, from the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of torches seen in the west and of armies in the West.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of the western parts of the world.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius of the winter west.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|occident]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of the sunset or evening; [[m|en|western]], westerly.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # The quarter where the sun sets, the [[m|en|west]];^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' evening.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # The western part of the world, the West, and its peoples.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|sunset|alt=Sunset]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[occidentālis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[occido|alt=occidō]]

+ * [[oriens|alt=oriēns]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}