exsilio Latin · revision 32632

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=itc-pro *sal-je-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛksˈsɪ.li.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eksˈsiː.li.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exsiliō''' (present infinitive exsilīre, perfect active exsiluī); fourth conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''exiliō'', and manuscripts mix both spellings.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+ Besides ''exsiluī'' the perfect has ''exsilīvī'' and ''exsiliī'' in Plautus, Seneca and Statius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|saliō|t2=to leap]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|saliō]] to [[itc-pro|*sal-je-|t=to jump]] and compares [[grc|ἅλλομαι|tr=hállomai|t=to jump]]; he sets up [[ine-pro|*sh₂l-ie/o-]] but regards the form of the root as uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In the OLD's earliest quotation Plautus tells people to stand inside the threshold so that they leap out the moment they hear his call.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to spring out or leap up, and as a sign of emotion to start up: Cicero has a man roused by a guilty conscience, and the phrase ⟨gaudiō exsilīre⟩ is to leap for joy.^(OLD 2012) Of things it is to spring up or out: Lucretius has beams that water forces up so they leap out, and light leaping out when stone strikes iron.^(OLD 2012) Pliny the Elder uses it of leaves springing from shoots.^(OLD 2012) Cassiodorus, following Caesellius, says it must be written with ⟨s⟩.^(TLL) Church Latin glosses it to leap out, spring up, rise.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of leaping out at a call.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of beams and of sparks.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of starting up from a guilty conscience.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of leaves springing forth.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To spring out, [[m|en|leap]] up, jump out; to start up from fear or joy.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Of things, to spring up; of flames, to burst forth.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Of plants, to spring forth.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[salio|alt=saliō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}