effuse Latin · revision 32628

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *ǵʰu-n-d-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''effūsē''' (comparative effūsius, superlative effūsissimē); adverb^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|effūsus|-ē|t1=poured out; lavish]], the adverb of that participle of [[m|la|effundō|t=to pour out]].^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan traces [[m|la|fundō|t=to pour]] to [[itc-pro|*χund-]] and [[ine-pro|*ǵʰu-n-d-|t=to pour]], comparing [[grc|χέω|tr=khéō|t=to pour]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cicero.^(Köbler 2010) In his speech for Sextus Roscius a man gave many gifts generously and lavishly.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is over a wide area: Livy has a raid so widespread that nothing was left untouched.^(OLD 2012) In military contexts it is in disorder, in loose array: Sallust has men marching carelessly and in scattered order.^(OLD 2012) It is also without restraint or immoderately: Cicero calls someone so boundlessly insolent.^(OLD 2012) And it is lavishly or abundantly, as Cicero's gifts.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of lavish gifts and of boundless insolence.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust of men marching in loose order.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of a widespread raid.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # Over a wide area, extensively.^(OLD 2012)

+ # In disorder, in loose array.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Without restraint, immoderately.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # [[m|en|lavishly|alt=Lavishly]], abundantly.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[effusus|alt=effūsus]]

+ * [[effundo|alt=effundō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}