putidus Latin · revision 32614

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *puH-to-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈpuː.tɪ.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈpuː.ti.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pūtidus''' (feminine pūtida, neuter pūtidum, comparative pūtidior, superlative pūtidissimus, adverb pūtidē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|pūteō|-idus|t1=to rot, stink]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan lists both among the derivatives of [[m|la|pūs|t=pus]], and bases [[m|la|pūteō]] on a participle ⟨*pūto-⟩, from [[ine-pro|*puH-to-|t=rotten]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sa|पूयति|tr=pū́yati|t=to rot, stink]] and [[grc|πύον|tr=púon|t=pus]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008) In the OLD's earliest quotation Plautus calls a man a rotten fungus.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is rotting or decaying, and of a wound festering: Cicero has rotten flesh, Plautus spoilt wine.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Without the idea of decay it is foul-smelling: Varro speaks of a place stinking of sulphur and alum.^(OLD 2012) As a term of abuse for people it is decrepit or disgusting: Plautus has a rotten old man daring to play the lover at his age.^(OLD 2012) Of the brain it is addled.^(OLD 2012) Of words and actions it is objectionable, tiresome: Cicero says that things will seem tedious and wearisome to his hearers.^(OLD 2012) In particular it is affected or pedantic in language and pronunciation.^(OLD 2012) The TLL notes that the comparative appears rarely from Horace on, the superlative in Cicero and Petronius.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a rotten fungus and of an old man.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of rotten leaves.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of a stinking place.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of rotten flesh and of tiresome talk.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Rotting, decaying, [[m|en|putrid]]; of a wound, festering.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|stinking|alt=Stinking]], [[m|en|fetid]], foul.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of people, as abuse, decrepit, disgusting; of the brain, addled.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of words or actions, objectionable, tiresome; of language, affected, [[m|en|pedantic]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pūtidiusculus]]

+ * [[pūtidulus]]

+ * [[pūtidē]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[puteo|alt=pūteō]]

+ * [[putor|alt=pūtor]]

+ * [[pus|alt=pūs]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}