decoquo Latin · revision 32612

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=ine-pro *pekʷ-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈdeː.kɔ.kʷoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈdɛː.ko.kʷo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēcoquō''' (present infinitive dēcoquere, perfect active dēcoxī, supine dēcoctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dē-|coquō|t2=to cook]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|coquō]] to [[itc-pro|*kʷekʷe/o-|t=to cook]] and [[ine-pro|*pekʷ-e/o-|t=to cook]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and the TLL date it from Cato.^(de Vaan 2008)^(TLL) Cato tells the farmer to anoint something with boiled-down olive lees.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to reduce a liquid by boiling, boil down: Varro boils away two parts of the lees.^(OLD 2012) It is also to bring to the boil, and to brew: Tacitus has a quick poison concocted from known venoms.^(OLD 2012) Of solids it is to stew, and jokingly Seneca speaks of stewing the body in a hot bath.^(OLD 2012) Of metal it is to melt down, and so to waste or consume: Lucan has poison that shrivels the limbs.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it is to squander, as in Martial, and without an object to waste away or to go bankrupt: Cicero taunts someone with having gone bankrupt while still a boy.^(OLD 2012) English [[m|en|decoct]] comes from its past participle, from the early 15th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of boiled-down olive lees.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of stewing and of melting down bullion.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of going bankrupt.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of brewing a poison.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English [[m|en|decoct|alt=decoct]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To boil down, reduce by boiling; to boil; to [[m|en|brew]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To stew solids in liquid.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To melt down, smelt; to consume, cause to waste away.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|squander]] money or property; to ruin a person.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Without an object, to waste away; to become [[m|en|insolvent]], go bankrupt.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēcoctiō]]

+ * [[dēcoctor]]

+ * [[dēcoctum]]

+ * [[dēcoctus]]

+ * [[dēcocta]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[coquo|alt=coquō]]

+ * [[concoquo|alt=concoquō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}