ursus Latin · revision 32606

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=first quarter of the 1st century BC, Atta|origins=ine-pro *h₂r̥tḱo-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈʊr.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈur.sus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ursus''' ''m'' (genitive ursī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*orsso-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₂r̥tḱo-|t=bear]].^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan explains the cluster /rs/ from the Indo-European /rtḱ/ seen in the other branches; the ⟨u⟩ instead of an expected ⟨o⟩ is not well explained, and Kortlandt's appeal to [[m|la|urcō|t=to roar]] is only a guess.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sga|art|t=bear; hero]], [[cy|arth|t=bear]], [[hit|hartakka-|t=bear]], [[sa|ऋक्ष|tr=ṛ́kṣa|t=bear]] and [[grc|ἄρκτος|tr=árktos|t=bear]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from the comic poet Quinctius Atta.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates it from Varro.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the bear, usually the European brown bear.^(OLD 2012) Varro discusses the word, and Ovid, Horace, Seneca, Pliny the Elder and Juvenal use it.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it bear.^(Stelten 1995) In early and medieval Latin ⟨Ursus⟩ is also a man's name.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * first quarter of the 1st century BC – Atta uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro discusses the word.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder writes about bears.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|bear]], usually the European brown bear.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ursa]]

+ * [[ursārius]]

+ * [[ursīnus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}