obtrunco Latin · revision 32597

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la truncus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɔpˈtrʊŋ.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [obˈtruŋ.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''obtruncō''' (present infinitive obtruncāre, perfect active obtruncāvī, supine obtruncātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''optruncō''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ob-|truncō|t2=to lop, maim]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The TLL derives it from [[m|la|ob]] and [[m|la|truncus]].^(TLL) De Vaan thinks the oldest form of this word was an adjective, maimed or stripped of branches or head, and finds no convincing outside connection.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008) In the OLD's earliest quotation Plautus says that Amphitruo killed King Pterelas with his own hand.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is usually to cut to pieces, slaughter, kill;^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note that Cicero and Caesar do not use it, and give [[trucido|alt=trucīdō]], [[iugulo|alt=iugulō]] and [[occido|alt=occīdō]] as synonyms.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) The rare literal sense, to lop the top off a plant, is in Columella, of cutting back a grafted vine.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Manuscripts spell it ⟨optr-⟩ and ⟨obstr-⟩, and Ammianus has short perfect forms.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of killing a king.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella of cutting back a vine.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 390 AD – Ammianus uses the short perfect.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To cut to pieces, [[m|en|slaughter]], [[m|en|butcher]], kill.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To lop or [[m|en|prune]] the top of a plant.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[obtruncātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[truncō]]

+ * [[truncus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}