perhorresco Latin · revision 32583

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *ǵʰr̥s-eh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [pɛ.rɔrˈreːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [pe.rorˈrɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''perhorrēscō''' (present infinitive perhorrēscere, perfect active perhorruī); third conjugation, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The OLD and the TLL derive it [[af|la|per-|horrēscō|t2=to bristle, shudder]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Wiktionary also allows a formation from [[m|la|perhorreō|t=to tremble greatly]] with the inchoative suffix ⟨-scō⟩.^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|horreō|t=to bristle]] to [[itc-pro|*χors-ē-|t=to be stiff]] and [[ine-pro|*ǵʰr̥s-eh₁-|t=to be stiff, surprised]], comparing [[sa|हर्षते|tr=hárṣate|t=to be delighted]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's quotations begin with Cicero, who says he is moved not only in mind but trembles with his whole body.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Cicero it is also transitive, to shrink in terror from something or to stand in awe of it: he asks whether a man does not dread the very portraits of his ancestors.^(OLD 2012) Ovid uses it of Etna shaking at a shout.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL notes the medieval spelling ⟨perorr-⟩.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of trembling and of dread.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of Etna shaking.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|tremble]] or [[m|en|shudder]] greatly.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To recoil in terror from; to stand in awe of, [[m|en|dread]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[horresco|alt=horrēscō]]

+ * [[horreo|alt=horreō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}