favilla Latin · revision 32568

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|attested=190–159 BC, Terence}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [faˈwɪl.la]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [faˈvil.la]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''favilla''' ''f'' (genitive favillae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is disputed.^(de Vaan 2008) Walde–Hofmann and Ernout–Meillet connected it with [[m|la|foveō|t=to warm]], and the OLD and the TLL do the same, but de Vaan points out that ⟨fav-⟩ conflicts with ⟨fov-⟩ if both came from [[ine-pro|*dʰogʷʰ-|t=to burn]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Schrijver took it for a non-native word because of its obscure formation and technical meaning.^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan prefers Vine's derivation from [[ine-pro|*dʰuH-|t=to smoke]], through an adjective [[itc-pro|*þowīno-|t=smoky, sooty]], so that the word meant small smoky stuff, ashes.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Terence, where someone threatens that a music-girl will be covered in ash, smoke and flour from cooking and grinding.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis & Short call it poetic and post-Augustan apart from Terence.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is the ash of a fire, especially that carried by wind, and the ashes left when something burns, above all a corpse: Ovid has the black ash of sacrifices on an altar.^(OLD 2012) Vitruvius mixes it with sand and lime for building, and it was also used as a medicine and a cosmetic.^(OLD 2012) Pliny the Elder calls the finest, whitest salt ⟨favilla salis⟩.^(OLD 2012) The ''Appendix Probi'' corrects the spoken form: favilla, not ⟨failla⟩.^(Appendix Probi)^(TLL) The TLL lists Italian [[m|it|falliva]] among its descendants.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of ash from cooking.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius of ash in building material.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of the ash of sacrifices.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of fine salt.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Hot [[m|en|ash]], [[m|en|embers]], [[m|en|cinders]]; the ashes of a fire.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The ashes left by burning, especially of a corpse.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Ash used in building, in medicine or as a cosmetic.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''favilla salis'', fine powdery salt.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[foveo|alt=foveō]]

+ * [[fumus|alt=fūmus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}