moribundus Latin · revision 32556

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *mr̥-ye/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [mɔ.rɪˈbʊn.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [mo.riˈbun.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''moribundus''' (feminine moribunda, neuter moribundum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|morior|-bundus|t1=to die]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|morior]] to [[itc-pro|*morje-|t=to die]] and [[ine-pro|*mr̥-ye/o-|t=to die]], comparing [[sa|म्रियते|tr=mriyáte|t=dies]] and [[sga|marb|t=dead]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus: in the ''Bacchides'' someone is unwell and dying.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is at the point of death: Cicero reminds the jury that they saw a man lying and dying, and Livy has a man fall down dying.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Statius applies it to a dying voice, and Catullus, disparagingly, perhaps to a half-dead town.^(OLD 2012) In Virgil it means mortal, of the earthly limbs that hold back the fiery seeds of life.^(OLD 2012) Servius and Pompeius say that it is not a participle, while Cledonius calls it participial.^(TLL) English [[m|en|moribund]] came from it through French in 1721.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a dying man.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a man lying and dying.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of mortal limbs.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 45–96 AD – Statius of a dying voice.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1721 – English borrows it through French as ''moribund''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # At the point of death, [[m|en|dying]], [[m|en|moribund]]; of a town, decaying.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Subject to death, [[m|en|mortal]]; fatal.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[morior]]

+ * [[en|moribund]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}